The cutting part of the lathe tool is continuously subjected to strong friction during the cutting process, the cutting temperature is very high, and at the same time bears a large cutting force and impact force. Therefore, the material used as the cutting part of the turning tool must have good cutting performance, high hardness, good wear resistance, high temperature resistance, and sufficient strength and toughness.
1. High-speed steel
High-speed steel is a high-alloy tool steel containing alloying elements such as tungsten, chromium, vanadium, and molybdenum. As a lathe tool, high-speed steel is simple to manufacture, easy to sharpen, sharp cutting edge, and good toughness, so it is often used to process some workpieces with more impact and irregular shapes.
2. Cemented carbide
As a lathe cutter, cemented carbide can withstand high temperatures and maintain good cutting performance even at around 1000°C. Its wear resistance is also very good, the hardness is very high at room temperature, and it has a certain degree of strength in use.
3. Coated tool
The use of coated tools as the lathe machine cutter improves the wear resistance of the tool materials. Under the same conditions, the wear resistance of coated high speed steel tools is 2-10 times higher than that of uncoated tools, and 1-3 times higher than that of cemented carbide. When choosing materials, a reliable CNC parts manufacturer is crucial.
4. Diamond
Diamonds are divided into two types: natural and man-made. As a lathe tool, diamond has the characteristics of extremely high hardness, high compressive strength, and good wear resistance. It can obtain high machining accuracy and machining efficiency in high-speed cutting. But its brittleness is relatively large, the bending strength is low, and it is suitable for the processing of non-ferrous or non-metallic materials that are difficult to process.